ITSC19 NWP Survey

Please send updates or corrections to the NWP WG co-chairs.

Table 1 Overview

Institute	Data Assimilation System		Radiative Transfer Model	ATOVS assimilated			Bias Correction Scheme	Status (applies to all tables)
Global	Regional or Km Scale	Radiances	Retrievals	RARS
//EC// //(Canada)//	4DVAR & EnKF	3DVAR	RTTOV8.7	YES	NO	NO	Off-line	//// 1 January 2012
//ECMWF// (Europe)	Hybrid 4DVAR/Ens		RTTOV10.1	*YES*	NO	*YES*	*VAR*	*7March 2014*
met.no (Norway)		3DVAR	RTTOV7	YES	NO	YES	Off-line	1 January 2012
US-FNMOC/NRL (USA)	*4DVAR*	*3DVAR*	*CRTM*	*YES*	*YES(RD)*	YES	*Off-line*	1 January 2012
//DWD// (Germany)	3DVAR	nudging	RTTOV7	YES	NO	YES	Off-line	//// 1 January 2012
//Met Office// (UK)	*Hybrid 4DVAR/Ens*	*4DVAR*	*RTTOV7*	*YES*	NO	*YES*	*Off-line*	*//// 1 January 2012*
DMI (Denmark)		3DVAR	RTTOV8.5	YES	NO	YES	Off-line	1 March 2010
//JMA// (Japan)	*4DVAR*	*4DVAR*	*RTTOV9.3*	*YES*	NO	*YES*	*VAR*	1 January 2012
//Meteo France// (France)	4DVAR+Ens	3DVAR	RTTOV9.2	YES	NO	YES	VAR	//// 1 January 2012
//NCEP// (USA)	*3DVAR*	*3DVAR*	*CRTM*	*YES*	NO	*YES*	*VAR*	1 January 2012
BoM (Australia)	4DVAR	4DVAR	RTTOV7	YES	NO	NO	Off-line	1 January 2012
CPTEC/INPE (Brazil)	3DVAR	3DVAR	*N/A*	NO	*YES*	*N/A*	*N/A*	1 January 2012
//OMSZ// (Hungary)		3DVAR	RTTOV8.5	YES	NO	YES	VAR	1 January 2012
SMHI (Sweden)		4DVAR	RTTOV7	YES	NO	NO	Off-line	1 January 2012
CNMCA (Italy)		LETKF	RTTOV10.2	YES	NO (monitoring)	YES	Off-line	1 January 2012
KMA (Korea)	4DVAR	4DVAR	RTTOV7	YES	NO	YES	Off-line	1 January 2012
NCMRWF (India)	3DVAR		CRTM	YES	NO	NO	VAR	1 January 2012

G global
R regional
GD global deterministic
RD regional deterministic
Table prepared by ITWG/NWP WG

Table 2 NWP Systems and Use of ATOVS

Institute	Global		Regional		Data assimilation	Radiative transfer model	ATOVS radiance assim (level)	ATOVS retrievals	RARS
Deterministic	Ensemble	Deterministic	Ensemble
EC (Canada)	35 km L80 (10d)	66 km L40 (20m) (16d)	15 km L80 (2d) 2.5 km L58	35 km L28 (3d)	GD: 4D-Var T108 L80 GE: EnKF 100 km L58 (192m) RD: 3DVAR T200 L80	RTTOV 8.7	Level 1b preprocessed to 1c with AAPP	NO	NO
ECMWF (Europe)	T1279 L137 (10d)	T639 up to 10d, T319 d10-15, L62, 51m			4D-Var T1279 L137 with T255 final inner loop	RTTOV 10.1	Level 1c (after antenna pattern correction)	NO	EARS, AP-RARS
met.no (Norway)			8km L60 (2.75d), 12 km L60		3D-Var	RTTOV 7	Level 1c	NO	EARS
FNMOC/NRL (USA)	T319 L42 (7.5d)	T119 L30, 24m, 10d			GD: 4D-Var-AR T119 L42 GE: 4D-Var-AR T119 L30 RD: 3D-Var 27/9/3 km	CRTM	level 1b processed to level 1c with AAPP	Yes (RD)	YES
DWD (Germany)	20 km L60 (7d)		7 km L40 2.8 km L50	2.8 km, 20m, 21h	GD: 3D-Var RD: nudging	RTTOV 7	Level 1b	NO	YES (G)
Met Office (UK)	25 km L70 (6d)	60 km L70, 24m, 3d	12 km L70 1.5 km L70	18 km, 24m, 2d	GD: 4D-Var 60 km L70 RD 12 km: 4D-Var 24 km RD 1.5 km: 3D-Var + Latent Heat nudging 1.5 km	RTTTOV 7	Level 1b/1c	NO	EARS AP-RARS SA-RARS
DMI (Denmark)			0.15 deg (16 km) L40 0.09 deg (10 km) L40 0.03 deg (3.3 km) L40 0.05 deg (5.6 km) L40		3D-VAR 0.15 deg L40 3D-Var 0.09 deg L40 3D-Var 0.09 deg L40 Inceremental	RTTOV 8.5	Level 1c from AAPP	NO	EARS
JMA (Japan)	T959 L60	T319 L60 (51m) (9d)	5 km L50	T319 L60, 11m, 5d	GD: 4D-Var T319 L60 RD: 4D-Var 15 km	RTTOV 9.3	Level 1c	NO	EARS, AP-RARS, SP-RARS
Météo France (France)	T798C2.4 L70 (4d)	T538C2.4 L65 (35m)	2.5 km L60	25 km (35m) (4d)	GD: 4D-Var+ensemble T323C1 L70 RD: 3D-Var 2.5 km	RTTOV 9.2	level 1c	NO	EARS, AP-RARS
NCEP (USA)	T574 L64 (7.5d) T190 L64 (16d)	T254L42, 84m, 1-8d T190L42, 84m, 8-16d	12 km L60 4 km L50	16 km L35 (21m) (3.6d)	GD: 3D-Var T574 L64 RD: 3D-Var 12 km	CRTM	Level 1b	NO	Yes (G)
BoM (Australia)	80 km L50 (10d)		37.5 km L50		GD: 4D-Var 100 km L50 RD: 4D-Var 75 km L50	RTTOV 7	Level 1d from AAPP Met Office	NO	NO
CPTEC/INPE (Brazil)	45 km L64 (7d)	100 km L28, 40m, 15d	15 km L50	20 km, 21m, 10d	GD: 3D-Var 40 km RD: 3D-Var 15 km	CRTM	YES	NO	YES
OMSZ (Hungary)			8 km L49 (2.25d) 2.5 km L60 (2d)	8 km (11m) L49 (2d)	RD: 3D-Var 8 km L49 RD: 3D-Var 2.5 km L60	RTTOV 8.5	Level 1c	NO	EARS
SMHI (Sweden)			10 km L60		4D-Var	RTTOV7	YES	NO	EARS
CNMCA (Italy)			7 km L40 2.8 km L50		R: LETKF 10 km	RTTOV9.2	Level 1c	NO	EARS
KMA (Korea)	25 km L70, 10.5d	40 km L70, 10d	12 km L70 1.5 km L70		G: 4D-Var 75 km L70 R 12 km: 4D-Var 36 km L70 R 1.5 km: 3D-Var + FGAT	RTTOV7	Level 1d from AAPP from Met Office	NO	EARS, AP-RARS, SA-RARS
NCMRWF (India)	T574L64				3DVAR	CRTM	Level 1b	NO	NO

CODES
         G Global
         R Regional
       GD Global deterministic
       RD Regional deterministic
       GE Global ensemble
       RE Regional ensemble
       Tn Truncation wavenumber
       Ln Number of levels
    (nd) number of days
    (nm) number of members

Table 3 Use of ATOVS Radiances in NWP

Centre

NWP Systems using ATOVS

Thinning

Bias Corr.

Other Preproc

AMSU-A

AMSU-B/MHS

HIRS

Satellite

Channels

Satellite

Channels

Satellite

Channels

N15

N16

N17

N18

N19

land/sea

sea/low topo

sea

N15

N16

N17

N18

N19

land/sea

sea/low topo

sea

N15

N16

N17

N18

N19

land/sea

sea/low topo

sea

EC
(Canada)

GD, RD, GE

GD, RD: 150km
GE: 250km(1)

HK off-line
dynamic (2)

screen for CLW
and precip

7-14

4-5

3-4

2,5

ECMWF
(Europe)

GD,GE

125km

variational

7-14

5-6

3-5

4-7,11,
14,15

met.no
(Norway)

RD
(HIRLAM)

50 km

HK off-line
static

cloud clearing

4-10

FNMOC/NRL
(USA)

GD, GE

140km(4)

HK off-line
dynamic(5)

screen for high CLW

6-14

4-5

DWD
(Germany)

200km

off-line static(6)

screen for CLW and precip.

5-14

Met Office
(UK)

GD,RD, GE

G=125/154km
R=80km

off-line

calibration
Remap to HIRS

6-14

4-5

3-5

4-7,11
12,15

DMI
(Denmark)

RD (HIRLAM)

0.9 deg (100km)

HK off-line
static

4-10(7)

3-5

JMA
(Japan)

GD,GE

G: AMSU-A 250km,
AMSU-B 180km
R: 45 km

off-line for scan bias, remainder with variational

cloud/rain
classification

8-13

6-7

4-5

3-5

Météo France
(France)

GD,RD

125km;
80 km IASI RD

variational

5-13(8,9)

5-13

3-5

4-7,11,
14,15

NCEP
(USA)

GD,RD

G=145km
R=120km IR,
60km MW

variational

(10)

1-13,15

1-5

2-15

BoM
(Australia)

GD,RD

G=154km
R=80km

HK off-line(11)

(12)

7-14

4-5

3-5

4-7,11
12,15

CPTEC/INPE
(Brazil)

GD, RD

145 km

OMSZ
(Hungary)

80km

variational

5-12

3-5

SMHI (Sweden)

RD (HIRLAM)

0.9 deg

HK off-linestatic

5-10

CNMCA (Italy)

R=120 km

off-line dynamic

Screen for CLW and precip

7-10

5-6

5-10

(3)

3-4

KMA (Korea)

GD, RD, GE

G=154 km
R=80 km

off-line

(120

7-14

4-14

3-5

2-8, 10, 15

NCMRWF (India)

variational

1-10, 12, 13

1-5

2-15

NOTE: All centres reject some channels from certain satellites for which the radiance data are known to be bad. These details are not provided here.

CODES
          G Global
          R Regional
        GD Global deterministic
      RD Regional deterministic
      GE Global ensemble
        RE Regional ensemble
Nxx,XX NOAA-XX
        MO Metop
        AQ Aqua

       off-line dynamic   bias corrections updated and applied to data before each analysis
     variational          e.g VarBC, where bias corrections are computed during variational analysis as part of minimization
      HK                     Harris and Kelly type bias correction (thickness predictors)
sea/low topo   assimilation over ocean and low topograohy land
   CLW                   cloud liquide water

NOTES

(1) Thinning to be reduced to 150 km (currently being tested)

(2) Bias correction is off-line static for AMSU-A channels 11-14

(3) AMSU-B/MHS assimilation is being tested

(4) Start with taking every 4th point along scan, from every other scan line (skipping pattern to sample every scan point), then further reduce to approximately 140 km.

(5) VarBC code developed, to be tested this spring.

(6) Switch to an online bias correction scheme soon

(7) Channels 4-5 not assimilated over sea ice

(8) AMSU-A ch. 5-6 not assimilated over sea ice

(9) AMSU-A channels in range 5-13 not assimilated: N15 (6,11) N16 (5-10,12) AQ (5-7) MO (7)

(10) Calibration and for RARS data removal of antenna correction (G), Calibration ( R )

(11) Bias correction soon to become offline adaptive

(12) Cailibration and pre-processing via AAPP at Met Office. Cloud detection, land/sea/ice determination in OPS pre-processor as part of Met Office UM suite.

Table 4 Use of ATOVS Retrievals in NWP

Centre	ATOVS retrievals
Used in radiance assimilation e.g. Qc	Assimilated	NWP system	Scheme/Product	Variable(s)	Vertical resolution	Horizontal sampling	Excluded	Bias correction
EC (Canada)	NO	NO
ECMWF (Europe)	NO	NO
met.no (Norway)	NO	NO
FNMOC/NRL (USA)	NO	YES	RD (COAMPS, NAVDAS)	NESDIS	Temperature	Full to 10 mb	1.5 degrees (167 km)	over land	NO
DWD (Germany)	NO	NO
Met Office (UK)	YES (1) (in GD)	NO
DMI (Denmark)	NO	NO
JMA (Japan)	NO	NO
Météo France (France)	NO	NO
NCEP (USA)	NO	NO
BoM (Australia)	YES (2)	NO
CPTEC=INPE (Brazil)	NO	NO
OMSZ (Hungary)	NO	NO
SMHI (Sweden)
CNMCA (Italy)	NO	NO	RD	EUMETSAT	Temperature	Up to 10 hPa
KMA (Korea)	YES	NO
NCMRWF (India)	NO	NO

NOTES

(1) Run 1D-var prior to assimilation which analyses skin temperature and for advanced IR sounders cloud cover and emissivity which is used in the forward calculations in 4D-var.

(2)
1D-Var

Table 5 Use of AIRS and IASI Radiances in NWP

Note: For some centres, further information on channel numbers and observation errors for AIRS and IASI can be found at the end of this document. Also, please note the definitions of the bands below the table.

Centre	AIRS								IASI
	15 microns (1)		Window + O3 (2)		H2O (3)		Short Wave (4)		15 microns (1)		Window + O3 (2)		H2O (3)		Short Wave (4)
Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean	Land	Ocean
EC (Canada)	4	19	0	10	26	33	0	24	14	43	0	19	0	0	0	0
ECMWF (Europe)	48	81	0	32	0	7	0	19	0	153	0	28	0	9	0	1 (*)
met.no (Norway)
FNMOC/NRL (USA)	31	51						13	25	51
DWD (Germany)
Met Office (UK)	46	75	0	19	0	47	0	0	87	87	14	21	30	30	0	0
DMI (Denmark)
JMA (Japan)
Meteo France (France)	0	54	0	0	0	0	0	0	50	64	0	4	9	9	0	0
NCEP (USA)	75	75	11	11	20	20	14	14	116	116	45	45	4	4
BoM (Australia)		20		12		16		14
CPTEC/INPE (Brazil)
SMHI (Sweden)
CNMCA (Italy)
KMA (Korea)	0	20	0	11	0	16	0	0	95	124	0	29	24	30	0	0
NCMRWF (India)	75		11		20		14		116		45		4

Notes:

(1) 15 microns: 650 – 770 cm^-1

(2) Window + 03: 770 – 1210 cm^-1

(3) H2O: 1210 – 2000 cm^-1

(4) Short wave: 2000 – 2700 cm^-1

(*) Channel 5480 – this is really a WV channel, but falls into the short-wave band in the above categorisation.

Table 6 Treatment of cloudy sounder radiances in NWP

Centre	HIRS	AIRS	IASI	AMSU-A	AMSU-B/MHS
EC (Canada)	n/a	IC	IC	IC	IC
ECMWF (Europe)	IC & SV	IC & SV	IC & SV	IC	IC
met.no (Norway)
FNMOC/NRL (USA)	n/a	IC	IC	IC	IC
DWD (Germany)				HH
Met Office (UK)	HH	SV (with dynamic selection of weakly cloud-affected channels)	SV (with dynamic selection of weakly cloud-affected channels)	AC	IC
DMI (Denmark)
JMA (Japan)				IC	IC
Meteo France (France)	IC	IC & SV	IC & SV	IC	IC
NCEP (USA)	IC	IC	IC	IC	IC
BoM (Australia)	HH	HH		IC	IC
CPTEC/INPE (Brazil)
SMHI (Sweden)
KMA (Korea)		IC	IC
NCMRWF (India)

Notes:

HH: Hole hunting: search for FOVS for which all channels are clear, and only assimilate these clear-sky radiances. Cloud-affected radiances are not assimilated.

IC: Insensitive channels: search for channels and spots which are considered clear, and only assimilate these clear radiances; clouds might be present for lower-peaking channels, but only channels insensitive to these clouds are assimilated. Cloud-affected radiances are not assimilated.

CC: Cloud clearing: method to transform potentially cloud-affected observed radiances to clear radiances, and then assimilate these modified radiances.

SV: Sink variable: cloud parameters are retrieved or analysed as a sink variable in 1D/3D/4D-Var, allowing the assimilation of certain cloud-affected radiances. The retrieved or analysed cloud information does not directly affect the model cloud fields.

AC: Assimilate clouds: assimilation of cloud-affected radiances, using information from model clouds and with feedback on model clouds.

Additional information

Some centres have kindly provided further information on channel usage and observation errors, especially for AIRS and IASI, but occasionally also for other instruments. These are provided below:

EC (Canada) as of 1 January 2012

FNMOC/NRL (USA) AMSUA AIRS AQUA and IASI METOPA as of 1 January 2012

Meteo France (France) as of 1 January 2012

NCEP (USA) as of 1 January 2012